doc/man1/haeredes.1

   1 .TH haeredes 1
   2
   3 .SH NAME
   4 haeredes \- Confirm delegation of NS and MX records.
   5 .SH SYNOPSIS
   6
   7 \fBhaeredes\fR [\fIOPTIONS\fR] [\fIDELEGATES\fR]
   8 .SH INPUT
   9 .P
  10 A list of domains, separated by whitespace.
  11 .SH OUTPUT
  12 .P
  13 A list of domains which don't have the supplied (expected) delegates
  14 listed as their NS/MX records.
  15 .SH DESCRIPTION
  16 .P
  17 Haeredes is primarily useful for ISP network administrators. Customers
  18 will occasionally decide to switch hosts without alerting the current
  19 host; this can cause two problems.
  20 .P
  21 With NS records, the previous host (at the very least) keeps hosting a
  22 DNS zone that does nothing. If that host uses their authoritative
  23 nameserver as a caching lookup server as well, it may return
  24 incorrect results to queries about the domain in question.
  25 .P
  26 For MX records, the situation is slightly worse. Most mail servers
  27 will immediately accept mail for which the server thinks it is the
  28 ultimate destination. If a mail server is configured as the
  29 destination for a domain, but it is not the MX for that domain, then
  30 mail submitted to that server may possibly be lost. It is therefore
  31 important to remove domains from the old mail host as soon as the MX
  32 record is changed.
  33 .P
  34 Haeredes can alert administrators when NS/MX records are changed.
  35 .SH NORMALIZATION
  36 .P
  37 By default, domain/hostnames given will be normalized in two ways:
  38 .IP \[bu] 2
  39 All names will be lowercased.
  40
  41 .IP \[bu]
  42 All names will have a trailing dot (the DNS root) appended if one is
  43 not present. This can be controlled with the
  44 \fB\-\-no\-append\-root\fR flag.
  45 .SH QUERY RESULTS
  46 .P
  47 When Haeredes makes a query for an MX record, the result is parsed
  48 from the \(dqanswer\(dq section of the response. This is
  49 straightforward.
  50 .P
  51 For NS records, however, there are two sections that may contain
  52 results. If you query the authoritative nameservers for example.com,
  53 they will return the response in the \(dqanswer\(dq section, as with
  54 MX records:
  55
  56 .nf
  57 .I $ dig +short @a.iana-servers.net example.com NS
  58 b.iana-servers.net.
  59 a.iana-servers.net.
  60 .fi
  61 .P
  62 However, if you ask a root server, they will return the response in
  63 another section, called \(dqauthority\(dq. The \(dqanswer\(dq section
  64 is empty:
  65
  66 .nf
  67 .I $ dig +short @a.gtld-servers.net example.com NS
  68 .fi
  69 .P
  70 We have to request the \(dqauthority\(dq section explicitly:
  71
  72 .nf
  73 .I $ dig +noall +authority @a.gtld-servers.net example.com NS
  74 example.com.            172800  IN      NS      a.iana-servers.net.
  75 example.com.            172800  IN      NS      b.iana-servers.net.
  76 .fi
  77 .P
  78 Given Haeredes' use case, it is useful to combine the two. You can
  79 query a root server to check the registrar data, or a recursive
  80 resolver to check the data on the authoritative nameservers.
  81 .P
  82 So that's what we do. In NS mode, Haeredes will check both the
  83 \(dqanswer\(dq and \(dqauthority\(dq sections for results.
  84 .SH PARALLEL QUERIES
  85 .P
  86 Haeredes can use multiple threads to perform its queries. It will use
  87 a number of threads equal to the number of processors available to the
  88 GHC runtime. This can be changed with the \fI+RTS \-N\fR flag. For
  89 example, to use 10 threads,
  90
  91 .nf
  92 $ haeredes [OPTIONS] [DELEGATES] \fI+RTS -N10\fR
  93 .fi
  94 .SH OPTIONS
  95
  96 .IP \fB\-\-no\-append\-root\fR,\ \fB-n\fR
  97 Don't append a trailing dot to any DNS names. If you know what you're
  98 doing, this can be used to check relative results. Otherwise, it will
  99 probably just lead to false positives.
 100 .IP \fB\-\-server\fR,\ \fB-s\fR
 101 Use the given DNS server rather than the resolvers listed in
 102 /etc/resolv.conf. Either an IP address or a hostname will work.
 103 .IP \fB\-\-timeout\fR,\ \fB-t\fR
 104 The number of seconds to wait for an answer from DNS (default: 15).
 105 .SH EXAMPLES
 106
 107 .IP \[bu] 2
 108 Make sure example.com has the expected name servers,
 109 [ab].iana-servers.net:
 110
 111 .nf
 112 .I $ haeredes a.iana-servers.net b.iana-servers.net <<< \(dqexample.com\(dq
 113 .fi
 114
 115 .IP \[bu] 2
 116 If you use \-\-no\-append\-root and your nameservers are rooted, you
 117 must remember to supply the trailing dot yourself. Otherwise, you'll
 118 get false positives.
 119
 120 .nf
 121 .I $ haeredes \-\-no\-append\-root \\\\
 122 .I "          a.iana-servers.net b.iana-servers.net" \\\\
 123 .I "          <<< \(dqexample.com\(dq"
 124 Domain \(dqexample.com\(dq delegates somewhere else:
 125 \(dqb.iana-servers.net.\(dq \(dqa.iana-servers.net.\(dq
 126 .fi
 127 .IP \[bu]
 128 Check orlitzky.com against the expected name servers, using
 129 a root nameserver (this checks the registrar configuration):
 130
 131 .nf
 132 .I $ haeredes --server d.gtld-servers.net dns1.viabit.com dns2.viabit.com \\\\
 133 .I "           <<< \(dqorlitzky.com\(dq"
 134 .fi
 135 .IP \[bu]
 136 Check orlitzky.com against only one of the expected two nameservers:
 137
 138 .nf
 139 .I $ haeredes dns1.viabit.com <<< \(dqorlitzky.com\(dq
 140 Domain \(dqorlitzky.com.\(dq delegates somewhere else: \
 141 \(dqdns2.viabit.com.\(dq
 142 .fi
 143 .IP \[bu]
 144 Check a nonexistent domain (we provide no delegates, since we
 145 know .invalid will not be delegated):
 146
 147 .nf
 148 .I $ haeredes <<< \(dqexample.invalid\(dq
 149 Domain \(dqexample.invalid.\(dq not delegated.
 150 .fi
 151 .SH BUGS
 152 .P
 153 Send bugs to michael@orlitzky.com.