from sage.modules.with_basis.indexed_element import IndexedFreeModuleElement
from mjo.eja.eja_operator import FiniteDimensionalEJAOperator
-from mjo.eja.eja_utils import _mat2vec
+from mjo.eja.eja_utils import _mat2vec, _scale
class FiniteDimensionalEJAElement(IndexedFreeModuleElement):
"""
sage: J = HadamardEJA(3)
sage: p1 = J.one().characteristic_polynomial()
sage: q1 = J.zero().characteristic_polynomial()
- sage: e0,e1,e2 = J.gens()
- sage: A = (e0 + 2*e1 + 3*e2).subalgebra_generated_by() # dim 3
+ sage: b0,b1,b2 = J.gens()
+ sage: A = (b0 + 2*b1 + 3*b2).subalgebra_generated_by() # dim 3
sage: p2 = A.one().characteristic_polynomial()
sage: q2 = A.zero().characteristic_polynomial()
sage: p1 == p2
EXAMPLES::
sage: J = JordanSpinEJA(2)
- sage: e0,e1 = J.gens()
sage: x = sum( J.gens() )
sage: x.det()
0
::
sage: J = JordanSpinEJA(3)
- sage: e0,e1,e2 = J.gens()
sage: x = sum( J.gens() )
sage: x.det()
-1
sage: (x*y).det() == x.det()*y.det()
True
- The determinant in matrix algebras is just the usual determinant::
+ The determinant in real matrix algebras is the usual determinant::
sage: set_random_seed()
sage: X = matrix.random(QQ,3)
sage: actual2 == expected
True
- ::
-
- sage: set_random_seed()
- sage: J1 = ComplexHermitianEJA(2)
- sage: J2 = ComplexHermitianEJA(2,field=QQ,orthonormalize=False)
- sage: X = matrix.random(GaussianIntegers(), 2)
- sage: X = X + X.H
- sage: expected = AA(X.det())
- sage: actual1 = J1(J1.real_embed(X)).det()
- sage: actual2 = J2(J2.real_embed(X)).det()
- sage: expected == actual1
- True
- sage: expected == actual2
- True
-
"""
P = self.parent()
r = P.rank()
element should always be in terms of minimal idempotents::
sage: J = JordanSpinEJA(4)
- sage: x = sum( i*J.gens()[i] for i in range(len(J.gens())) )
+ sage: x = sum( i*J.monomial(i) for i in range(len(J.gens())) )
sage: x.is_regular()
True
sage: [ c.is_primitive_idempotent()
sage: J = JordanSpinEJA(5)
sage: J.one().is_regular()
False
- sage: e0, e1, e2, e3, e4 = J.gens() # e0 is the identity
+ sage: b0, b1, b2, b3, b4 = J.gens()
+ sage: b0 == J.one()
+ True
sage: for x in J.gens():
....: (J.one() + x).is_regular()
False
sage: J = JordanSpinEJA(4)
sage: J.one().degree()
1
- sage: e0,e1,e2,e3 = J.gens()
- sage: (e0 - e1).degree()
+ sage: b0,b1,b2,b3 = J.gens()
+ sage: (b0 - b1).degree()
2
In the spin factor algebra (of rank two), all elements that
M = matrix([(self.parent().one()).to_vector()])
old_rank = 1
- # Specifying the row-reduction algorithm can e.g. help over
+ # Specifying the row-reduction algorithm can e.g. help over
# AA because it avoids the RecursionError that gets thrown
# when we have to look too hard for a root.
#
"""
if self.is_zero():
- # We would generate a zero-dimensional subalgebra
- # where the minimal polynomial would be constant.
- # That might be correct, but only if *this* algebra
- # is trivial too.
- if not self.parent().is_trivial():
- # Pretty sure we know what the minimal polynomial of
- # the zero operator is going to be. This ensures
- # consistency of e.g. the polynomial variable returned
- # in the "normal" case without us having to think about it.
- return self.operator().minimal_polynomial()
-
+ # Pretty sure we know what the minimal polynomial of
+ # the zero operator is going to be. This ensures
+ # consistency of e.g. the polynomial variable returned
+ # in the "normal" case without us having to think about it.
+ return self.operator().minimal_polynomial()
+
+ # If we don't orthonormalize the subalgebra's basis, then the
+ # first two monomials in the subalgebra will be self^0 and
+ # self^1... assuming that self^1 is not a scalar multiple of
+ # self^0 (the unit element). We special case these to avoid
+ # having to solve a system to coerce self into the subalgebra.
A = self.subalgebra_generated_by(orthonormalize=False)
- return A(self).operator().minimal_polynomial()
+
+ if A.dimension() == 1:
+ # Does a solve to find the scalar multiple alpha such that
+ # alpha*unit = self. We have to do this because the basis
+ # for the subalgebra will be [ self^0 ], and not [ self^1 ]!
+ unit = self.parent().one()
+ alpha = self.to_vector() / unit.to_vector()
+ return (unit.operator()*alpha).minimal_polynomial()
+ else:
+ # If the dimension of the subalgebra is >= 2, then we just
+ # use the second basis element.
+ return A.monomial(1).operator().minimal_polynomial()
SETUP::
sage: from mjo.eja.eja_algebra import (ComplexHermitianEJA,
- ....: QuaternionHermitianEJA)
+ ....: HadamardEJA,
+ ....: QuaternionHermitianEJA,
+ ....: RealSymmetricEJA)
EXAMPLES::
sage: J = ComplexHermitianEJA(3)
sage: J.one()
- e0 + e3 + e8
+ b0 + b3 + b8
sage: J.one().to_matrix()
- [1 0 0 0 0 0]
- [0 1 0 0 0 0]
- [0 0 1 0 0 0]
- [0 0 0 1 0 0]
- [0 0 0 0 1 0]
- [0 0 0 0 0 1]
+ +---+---+---+
+ | 1 | 0 | 0 |
+ +---+---+---+
+ | 0 | 1 | 0 |
+ +---+---+---+
+ | 0 | 0 | 1 |
+ +---+---+---+
::
sage: J = QuaternionHermitianEJA(2)
sage: J.one()
- e0 + e5
+ b0 + b5
sage: J.one().to_matrix()
- [1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0]
- [0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0]
- [0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0]
- [0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0]
- [0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0]
- [0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0]
- [0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0]
- [0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1]
+ +---+---+
+ | 1 | 0 |
+ +---+---+
+ | 0 | 1 |
+ +---+---+
This also works in Cartesian product algebras::
B = self.parent().matrix_basis()
W = self.parent().matrix_space()
- if self.parent()._matrix_basis_is_cartesian:
+ if hasattr(W, 'cartesian_factors'):
# Aaaaand linear combinations don't work in Cartesian
- # product spaces, even though they provide a method
- # with that name.
+ # product spaces, even though they provide a method with
+ # that name. This is hidden behind an "if" because the
+ # _scale() function is slow.
pairs = zip(B, self.to_vector())
- return sum( ( W(tuple(alpha*b_i for b_i in b))
- for (b,alpha) in pairs ),
- W.zero())
+ return W.sum( _scale(b, alpha) for (b,alpha) in pairs )
else:
# This is just a manual "from_vector()", but of course
# matrix spaces aren't vector spaces in sage, so they
sage: J = RealSymmetricEJA(3)
sage: J.one()
- e0 + e2 + e5
+ b0 + b2 + b5
sage: J.one().spectral_decomposition()
- [(1, e0 + e2 + e5)]
+ [(1, b0 + b2 + b5)]
sage: J.zero().spectral_decomposition()
- [(0, e0 + e2 + e5)]
+ [(0, b0 + b2 + b5)]
TESTS::
The spectral decomposition should work in subalgebras, too::
sage: J = RealSymmetricEJA(4)
- sage: (e0, e1, e2, e3, e4, e5, e6, e7, e8, e9) = J.gens()
- sage: A = 2*e5 - 2*e8
+ sage: (b0, b1, b2, b3, b4, b5, b6, b7, b8, b9) = J.gens()
+ sage: A = 2*b5 - 2*b8
sage: (lambda1, c1) = A.spectral_decomposition()[1]
sage: (J0, J5, J1) = J.peirce_decomposition(c1)
sage: (f0, f1, f2) = J1.gens()
sage: f0.spectral_decomposition()
- [(0, f2), (1, f0)]
+ [(0, c2), (1, c0)]
"""
A = self.subalgebra_generated_by(orthonormalize=True)
SETUP::
- sage: from mjo.eja.eja_algebra import random_eja
+ sage: from mjo.eja.eja_algebra import (random_eja,
+ ....: HadamardEJA,
+ ....: RealSymmetricEJA)
+
+ EXAMPLES:
+
+ We can create subalgebras of Cartesian product EJAs that are not
+ themselves Cartesian product EJAs (they're just "regular" EJAs)::
+
+ sage: J1 = HadamardEJA(3)
+ sage: J2 = RealSymmetricEJA(2)
+ sage: J = cartesian_product([J1,J2])
+ sage: J.one().subalgebra_generated_by()
+ Euclidean Jordan algebra of dimension 1 over Algebraic Real Field
TESTS:
"""
powers = tuple( self**k for k in range(self.degree()) )
- A = self.parent().subalgebra(powers, associative=True, **kwargs)
+ A = self.parent().subalgebra(powers,
+ associative=True,
+ check_field=False,
+ check_axioms=False,
+ **kwargs)
A.one.set_cache(A(self.parent().one()))
return A
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