X-Git-Url: http://gitweb.michael.orlitzky.com/?p=mjotex.git;a=blobdiff_plain;f=mjo-linear_algebra.tex;h=7f2484a546ef750977ca2b4c1ab7ae451a66f122;hp=02e1d12aba4d6383ee2b79f44eea272d96457329;hb=HEAD;hpb=910a2a081216b966d80e888d62cd3dcfae7418d5

diff --git a/mjo-linear_algebra.tex b/mjo-linear_algebra.tex
index 02e1d12..5f25544 100644
--- a/mjo-linear_algebra.tex
+++ b/mjo-linear_algebra.tex
@@ -1,17 +1,24 @@
 %
 % Standard operations from linear algebra.
 %
+\ifx\havemjolinearalgebra\undefined
+\def\havemjolinearalgebra{1}
 
-% Needed for \lvert, \rVert, etc. and \operatorname.
-\usepackage{amsmath}
 
-% Wasysym contains the \ocircle that we use in \directsumperp.
-\usepackage{wasysym}
+\ifx\lvert\undefined
+  \usepackage{amsmath} % \lvert, \rVert, etc. and \operatorname.
+\fi
 
-% Part of the adjustbox package; needed to clip the \perp sign.
-\usepackage{trimclip}
+\ifx\ocircle\undefined
+  \usepackage{wasysym}
+\fi
 
-\input{mjo-common}
+\ifx\clipbox\undefined
+  % Part of the adjustbox package; needed to clip the \perp sign.
+  \usepackage{trimclip}
+\fi
+
+\input{mjo-common} % for \of, at least
 
 % Absolute value (modulus) of a scalar.
 \newcommand*{\abs}[1]{\left\lvert{#1}\right\rvert}
@@ -37,9 +44,29 @@
 % specialized to real matrices.
 \newcommand*{\transpose}[1]{ #1^{T} }
 
+% The Moore-Penrose (or any other, I guess) pseudo-inverse of its
+% sole argument.
+\newcommand*{\pseudoinverse}[1]{ #1^{+} }
+
 % The trace of an operator.
 \newcommand*{\trace}[1]{ \operatorname{trace}\of{{#1}} }
 
+% The diagonal matrix whose only nonzero entries are on the diagonal
+% and are given by our argument. The argument should therefore be a
+% vector or tuple of entries, by convention going from the top-left to
+% the bottom-right of the matrix.
+\newcommand*{\diag}[1]{\operatorname{diag}\of{{#1}}}
+
+% The "rank" of its argument, which is context-dependent. It can mean
+% any or all of,
+%
+%   * the rank of a matrix,
+%   * the rank of a power-associative algebra (particularly an EJA),
+%   * the rank of an element in a Euclidean Jordan algebra.
+%
+\newcommand*{\rank}[1]{ \operatorname{rank}\of{{#1}} }
+
+
 % The ``span of'' operator. The name \span is already taken.
 \newcommand*{\spanof}[1]{ \operatorname{span}\of{{#1}} }
 
@@ -49,6 +76,29 @@
 % The orthogonal projection of its second argument onto the first.
 \newcommand*{\proj}[2] { \operatorname{proj}\of{#1, #2} }
 
+% The set of all eigenvalues of its argument, which should be either a
+% matrix or a linear operator. The sigma notation was chosen instead
+% of lambda so that lambda can be reserved to denote the ordered tuple
+% (largest to smallest) of eigenvalues.
+\newcommand*{\spectrum}[1]{\sigma\of{{#1}}}
+\ifdefined\newglossaryentry
+  \newglossaryentry{spectrum}{
+    name={\ensuremath{\spectrum{L}}},
+    description={the set of all eigenvalues of $L$},
+    sort=s
+  }
+\fi
+
+% The reduced row-echelon form of its argument, a matrix.
+\newcommand*{\rref}[1]{\operatorname{rref}\of{#1}}
+\ifdefined\newglossaryentry
+  \newglossaryentry{rref}{
+    name={\ensuremath{\rref{A}}},
+    description={the reduced row-echelon form of $A$},
+    sort=r
+  }
+\fi
+
 % The ``Automorphism group of'' operator.
 \newcommand*{\Aut}[1]{ \operatorname{Aut}\of{{#1}} }
 
@@ -62,7 +112,7 @@
 \newcommand*{\matricize}[1]{ \operatorname{mat}\of{{#1}} }
 
 % An inline column vector, with parentheses and a transpose operator.
-\newcommand*{\colvec}[1]{ \left({#1}\right)^{T} }
+\newcommand*{\colvec}[1]{ \transpose{\left({#1}\right)} }
 
 % Bounded linear operators on some space. The required argument is the
 % domain of those operators, and the optional argument is the
@@ -95,3 +145,37 @@
 
 % Now declare an orthogonal direct sum in terms of \oplusperp.
 \newcommand*{\directsumperp}[2]{ {#1}\oplusperp{#2} }
+
+
+% The space of real symmetric n-by-n matrices. Does not reduce to
+% merely "S" when n=1 since S^{n} does not mean an n-fold cartesian
+% product of S^{1}.
+\newcommand*{\Sn}[1][n]{ \mathcal{S}^{#1} }
+\ifdefined\newglossaryentry
+  \newglossaryentry{Sn}{
+    name={\ensuremath{\Sn}},
+    description={the set of $n$-by-$n$ real symmetric matrices},
+    sort=Sn
+  }
+\fi
+
+% The space of complex Hermitian n-by-n matrices. Does not reduce to
+% merely "H" when n=1 since H^{n} does not mean an n-fold cartesian
+% product of H^{1}. The field may also be given rather than assumed
+% to be complex; for example \Hn[3]\of{\mathbb{O}} might denote the
+% 3-by-3 Hermitian matrices with octonion entries.
+\newcommand*{\Hn}[1][n]{ \mathcal{H}^{#1} }
+\ifdefined\newglossaryentry
+  \newglossaryentry{Hn}{
+    name={\ensuremath{\Hn}},
+    description={the set of $n$-by-$n$ complex Hermitian matrices},
+    sort=Hn
+  }
+\fi
+
+
+% The general linear group of square matrices whose size is the first
+% argument and whose entries come from the second argument.
+\newcommand*{\GL}[2]{\operatorname{GL}_{#1}\of{#2}}
+
+\fi