% A pair of things.
\providecommand*{\pair}[2]{ \left( {#1}, {#2} \right) }
+% The Cartesian product of two things.
+\providecommand*{\cartprod}[2]{ {#1} \times {#2} }
+
+% The Cartesian product of three things.
+\providecommand*{\cartprodthree}[3]{ \cartprod{{#1}}{\cartprod{{#2}}{{#3}}} }
+
%
% Product spaces
%
% will be omitted entirely.
%
+% The natural n-space, N x N x N x ... x N.
+\providecommand*{\Nn}[1][n]{
+ \mathbb{N}\if\detokenize{#1}\detokenize{1}{}\else^{#1}\fi
+}
+
% The integral n-space, Z x Z x Z x ... x Z.
\providecommand*{\Zn}[1][n]{
\mathbb{Z}\if\detokenize{#1}\detokenize{1}{}\else^{#1}\fi