]> gitweb.michael.orlitzky.com - sage.d.git/blobdiff - mjo/eja/eja_element.py
eja: speed up the computation of element powers.
[sage.d.git] / mjo / eja / eja_element.py
index aef1c5d2813660ced5d9fe66314b4f5fd7577a11..7c861834723344ea6403f9f5da289af8aa299ae7 100644 (file)
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ class FiniteDimensionalEuclideanJordanAlgebraElement(IndexedFreeModuleElement):
         elif n == 1:
             return self
         else:
         elif n == 1:
             return self
         else:
-            return (self.operator()**(n-1))(self)
+            return (self**(n-1))*self
 
 
     def apply_univariate_polynomial(self, p):
 
 
     def apply_univariate_polynomial(self, p):
@@ -243,9 +243,8 @@ class FiniteDimensionalEuclideanJordanAlgebraElement(IndexedFreeModuleElement):
 
             sage: set_random_seed()
             sage: J = random_eja()
 
             sage: set_random_seed()
             sage: J = random_eja()
-            sage: x = J.random_element()
-            sage: y = J.random_element()
-            sage: x.inner_product(y) in RR
+            sage: x,y = J.random_elements(2)
+            sage: x.inner_product(y) in RLF
             True
 
         """
             True
 
         """
@@ -280,9 +279,7 @@ class FiniteDimensionalEuclideanJordanAlgebraElement(IndexedFreeModuleElement):
         Test Lemma 1 from Chapter III of Koecher::
 
             sage: set_random_seed()
         Test Lemma 1 from Chapter III of Koecher::
 
             sage: set_random_seed()
-            sage: J = random_eja()
-            sage: u = J.random_element()
-            sage: v = J.random_element()
+            sage: u,v = random_eja().random_elements(2)
             sage: lhs = u.operator_commutes_with(u*v)
             sage: rhs = v.operator_commutes_with(u^2)
             sage: lhs == rhs
             sage: lhs = u.operator_commutes_with(u*v)
             sage: rhs = v.operator_commutes_with(u^2)
             sage: lhs == rhs
@@ -292,9 +289,7 @@ class FiniteDimensionalEuclideanJordanAlgebraElement(IndexedFreeModuleElement):
         Chapter III, or from Baes (2.3)::
 
             sage: set_random_seed()
         Chapter III, or from Baes (2.3)::
 
             sage: set_random_seed()
-            sage: J = random_eja()
-            sage: x = J.random_element()
-            sage: y = J.random_element()
+            sage: x,y = random_eja().random_elements(2)
             sage: Lx = x.operator()
             sage: Ly = y.operator()
             sage: Lxx = (x*x).operator()
             sage: Lx = x.operator()
             sage: Ly = y.operator()
             sage: Lxx = (x*x).operator()
@@ -306,10 +301,7 @@ class FiniteDimensionalEuclideanJordanAlgebraElement(IndexedFreeModuleElement):
         Baes (2.4)::
 
             sage: set_random_seed()
         Baes (2.4)::
 
             sage: set_random_seed()
-            sage: J = random_eja()
-            sage: x = J.random_element()
-            sage: y = J.random_element()
-            sage: z = J.random_element()
+            sage: x,y,z = random_eja().random_elements(3)
             sage: Lx = x.operator()
             sage: Ly = y.operator()
             sage: Lz = z.operator()
             sage: Lx = x.operator()
             sage: Ly = y.operator()
             sage: Lz = z.operator()
@@ -323,10 +315,7 @@ class FiniteDimensionalEuclideanJordanAlgebraElement(IndexedFreeModuleElement):
         Baes (2.5)::
 
             sage: set_random_seed()
         Baes (2.5)::
 
             sage: set_random_seed()
-            sage: J = random_eja()
-            sage: u = J.random_element()
-            sage: y = J.random_element()
-            sage: z = J.random_element()
+            sage: u,y,z = random_eja().random_elements(3)
             sage: Lu = u.operator()
             sage: Ly = y.operator()
             sage: Lz = z.operator()
             sage: Lu = u.operator()
             sage: Ly = y.operator()
             sage: Lz = z.operator()
@@ -388,8 +377,7 @@ class FiniteDimensionalEuclideanJordanAlgebraElement(IndexedFreeModuleElement):
 
             sage: set_random_seed()
             sage: J = random_eja().random_element().subalgebra_generated_by()
 
             sage: set_random_seed()
             sage: J = random_eja().random_element().subalgebra_generated_by()
-            sage: x = J.random_element()
-            sage: y = J.random_element()
+            sage: x,y = J.random_elements(2)
             sage: (x*y).det() == x.det()*y.det()
             True
 
             sage: (x*y).det() == x.det()*y.det()
             True
 
@@ -424,8 +412,7 @@ class FiniteDimensionalEuclideanJordanAlgebraElement(IndexedFreeModuleElement):
         Example 11.11::
 
             sage: set_random_seed()
         Example 11.11::
 
             sage: set_random_seed()
-            sage: n = ZZ.random_element(1,10)
-            sage: J = JordanSpinEJA(n)
+            sage: J = JordanSpinEJA.random_instance()
             sage: x = J.random_element()
             sage: while not x.is_invertible():
             ....:     x = J.random_element()
             sage: x = J.random_element()
             sage: while not x.is_invertible():
             ....:     x = J.random_element()
@@ -651,8 +638,7 @@ class FiniteDimensionalEuclideanJordanAlgebraElement(IndexedFreeModuleElement):
         aren't multiples of the identity are regular::
 
             sage: set_random_seed()
         aren't multiples of the identity are regular::
 
             sage: set_random_seed()
-            sage: n = ZZ.random_element(1,10)
-            sage: J = JordanSpinEJA(n)
+            sage: J = JordanSpinEJA.random_instance()
             sage: x = J.random_element()
             sage: x == x.coefficient(0)*J.one() or x.degree() == 2
             True
             sage: x = J.random_element()
             sage: x == x.coefficient(0)*J.one() or x.degree() == 2
             True
@@ -709,6 +695,7 @@ class FiniteDimensionalEuclideanJordanAlgebraElement(IndexedFreeModuleElement):
         SETUP::
 
             sage: from mjo.eja.eja_algebra import (JordanSpinEJA,
         SETUP::
 
             sage: from mjo.eja.eja_algebra import (JordanSpinEJA,
+            ....:                                  RealSymmetricEJA,
             ....:                                  random_eja)
 
         TESTS:
             ....:                                  random_eja)
 
         TESTS:
@@ -734,10 +721,12 @@ class FiniteDimensionalEuclideanJordanAlgebraElement(IndexedFreeModuleElement):
         The minimal polynomial and the characteristic polynomial coincide
         and are known (see Alizadeh, Example 11.11) for all elements of
         the spin factor algebra that aren't scalar multiples of the
         The minimal polynomial and the characteristic polynomial coincide
         and are known (see Alizadeh, Example 11.11) for all elements of
         the spin factor algebra that aren't scalar multiples of the
-        identity::
+        identity. We require the dimension of the algebra to be at least
+        two here so that said elements actually exist::
 
             sage: set_random_seed()
 
             sage: set_random_seed()
-            sage: n = ZZ.random_element(2,10)
+            sage: n_max = max(2, JordanSpinEJA._max_test_case_size())
+            sage: n = ZZ.random_element(2, n_max)
             sage: J = JordanSpinEJA(n)
             sage: y = J.random_element()
             sage: while y == y.coefficient(0)*J.one():
             sage: J = JordanSpinEJA(n)
             sage: y = J.random_element()
             sage: while y == y.coefficient(0)*J.one():
@@ -758,6 +747,21 @@ class FiniteDimensionalEuclideanJordanAlgebraElement(IndexedFreeModuleElement):
             sage: x.apply_univariate_polynomial(p)
             0
 
             sage: x.apply_univariate_polynomial(p)
             0
 
+        The minimal polynomial is invariant under a change of basis,
+        and in particular, a re-scaling of the basis::
+
+            sage: set_random_seed()
+            sage: n_max = RealSymmetricEJA._max_test_case_size()
+            sage: n = ZZ.random_element(1, n_max)
+            sage: J1 = RealSymmetricEJA(n,QQ)
+            sage: J2 = RealSymmetricEJA(n,QQ,False)
+            sage: X = random_matrix(QQ,n)
+            sage: X = X*X.transpose()
+            sage: x1 = J1(X)
+            sage: x2 = J2(X)
+            sage: x1.minimal_polynomial() == x2.minimal_polynomial()
+            True
+
         """
         if self.is_zero():
             # We would generate a zero-dimensional subalgebra
         """
         if self.is_zero():
             # We would generate a zero-dimensional subalgebra
@@ -829,6 +833,33 @@ class FiniteDimensionalEuclideanJordanAlgebraElement(IndexedFreeModuleElement):
         return W.linear_combination(zip(B,self.to_vector()))
 
 
         return W.linear_combination(zip(B,self.to_vector()))
 
 
+    def norm(self):
+        """
+        The norm of this element with respect to :meth:`inner_product`.
+
+        SETUP::
+
+            sage: from mjo.eja.eja_algebra import (JordanSpinEJA,
+            ....:                                  RealCartesianProductEJA)
+
+        EXAMPLES::
+
+            sage: J = RealCartesianProductEJA(2)
+            sage: x = sum(J.gens())
+            sage: x.norm()
+            sqrt(2)
+
+        ::
+
+            sage: J = JordanSpinEJA(4)
+            sage: x = sum(J.gens())
+            sage: x.norm()
+            2
+
+        """
+        return self.inner_product(self).sqrt()
+
+
     def operator(self):
         """
         Return the left-multiplication-by-this-element
     def operator(self):
         """
         Return the left-multiplication-by-this-element
@@ -842,8 +873,7 @@ class FiniteDimensionalEuclideanJordanAlgebraElement(IndexedFreeModuleElement):
 
             sage: set_random_seed()
             sage: J = random_eja()
 
             sage: set_random_seed()
             sage: J = random_eja()
-            sage: x = J.random_element()
-            sage: y = J.random_element()
+            sage: x,y = J.random_elements(2)
             sage: x.operator()(y) == x*y
             True
             sage: y.operator()(x) == x*y
             sage: x.operator()(y) == x*y
             True
             sage: y.operator()(x) == x*y
@@ -874,10 +904,9 @@ class FiniteDimensionalEuclideanJordanAlgebraElement(IndexedFreeModuleElement):
         Alizadeh's Example 11.12::
 
             sage: set_random_seed()
         Alizadeh's Example 11.12::
 
             sage: set_random_seed()
-            sage: n = ZZ.random_element(1,10)
-            sage: J = JordanSpinEJA(n)
-            sage: x = J.random_element()
+            sage: x = JordanSpinEJA.random_instance().random_element()
             sage: x_vec = x.to_vector()
             sage: x_vec = x.to_vector()
+            sage: n = x_vec.degree()
             sage: x0 = x_vec[0]
             sage: x_bar = x_vec[1:]
             sage: A = matrix(QQ, 1, [x_vec.inner_product(x_vec)])
             sage: x0 = x_vec[0]
             sage: x_bar = x_vec[1:]
             sage: A = matrix(QQ, 1, [x_vec.inner_product(x_vec)])
@@ -894,8 +923,7 @@ class FiniteDimensionalEuclideanJordanAlgebraElement(IndexedFreeModuleElement):
 
             sage: set_random_seed()
             sage: J = random_eja()
 
             sage: set_random_seed()
             sage: J = random_eja()
-            sage: x = J.random_element()
-            sage: y = J.random_element()
+            sage: x,y = J.random_elements(2)
             sage: Lx = x.operator()
             sage: Lxx = (x*x).operator()
             sage: Qx = x.quadratic_representation()
             sage: Lx = x.operator()
             sage: Lxx = (x*x).operator()
             sage: Qx = x.quadratic_representation()
@@ -912,7 +940,7 @@ class FiniteDimensionalEuclideanJordanAlgebraElement(IndexedFreeModuleElement):
 
         Property 2 (multiply on the right for :trac:`28272`):
 
 
         Property 2 (multiply on the right for :trac:`28272`):
 
-            sage: alpha = QQ.random_element()
+            sage: alpha = J.base_ring().random_element()
             sage: (alpha*x).quadratic_representation() == Qx*(alpha^2)
             True
 
             sage: (alpha*x).quadratic_representation() == Qx*(alpha^2)
             True
 
@@ -997,9 +1025,7 @@ class FiniteDimensionalEuclideanJordanAlgebraElement(IndexedFreeModuleElement):
             sage: set_random_seed()
             sage: x0 = random_eja().random_element()
             sage: A = x0.subalgebra_generated_by()
             sage: set_random_seed()
             sage: x0 = random_eja().random_element()
             sage: A = x0.subalgebra_generated_by()
-            sage: x = A.random_element()
-            sage: y = A.random_element()
-            sage: z = A.random_element()
+            sage: x,y,z = A.random_elements(3)
             sage: (x*y)*z == x*(y*z)
             True
 
             sage: (x*y)*z == x*(y*z)
             True
 
@@ -1017,7 +1043,7 @@ class FiniteDimensionalEuclideanJordanAlgebraElement(IndexedFreeModuleElement):
             sage: set_random_seed()
             sage: A = random_eja().zero().subalgebra_generated_by()
             sage: A
             sage: set_random_seed()
             sage: A = random_eja().zero().subalgebra_generated_by()
             sage: A
-            Euclidean Jordan algebra of dimension 0 over Rational Field
+            Euclidean Jordan algebra of dimension 0 over...
             sage: A.one()
             0
 
             sage: A.one()
             0
 
@@ -1110,7 +1136,7 @@ class FiniteDimensionalEuclideanJordanAlgebraElement(IndexedFreeModuleElement):
 
             sage: set_random_seed()
             sage: J = random_eja()
 
             sage: set_random_seed()
             sage: J = random_eja()
-            sage: J.random_element().trace() in J.base_ring()
+            sage: J.random_element().trace() in RLF
             True
 
         """
             True
 
         """
@@ -1134,22 +1160,17 @@ class FiniteDimensionalEuclideanJordanAlgebraElement(IndexedFreeModuleElement):
 
         TESTS:
 
 
         TESTS:
 
-        The trace inner product is commutative::
+        The trace inner product is commutative, bilinear, and satisfies
+        the Jordan axiom:
 
             sage: set_random_seed()
             sage: J = random_eja()
 
             sage: set_random_seed()
             sage: J = random_eja()
-            sage: x = J.random_element(); y = J.random_element()
+            sage: x,y,z = J.random_elements(3)
+            sage: # commutative
             sage: x.trace_inner_product(y) == y.trace_inner_product(x)
             True
             sage: x.trace_inner_product(y) == y.trace_inner_product(x)
             True
-
-        The trace inner product is bilinear::
-
-            sage: set_random_seed()
-            sage: J = random_eja()
-            sage: x = J.random_element()
-            sage: y = J.random_element()
-            sage: z = J.random_element()
-            sage: a = QQ.random_element();
+            sage: # bilinear
+            sage: a = J.base_ring().random_element();
             sage: actual = (a*(x+z)).trace_inner_product(y)
             sage: expected = ( a*x.trace_inner_product(y) +
             ....:              a*z.trace_inner_product(y) )
             sage: actual = (a*(x+z)).trace_inner_product(y)
             sage: expected = ( a*x.trace_inner_product(y) +
             ....:              a*z.trace_inner_product(y) )
@@ -1160,15 +1181,7 @@ class FiniteDimensionalEuclideanJordanAlgebraElement(IndexedFreeModuleElement):
             ....:              a*x.trace_inner_product(z) )
             sage: actual == expected
             True
             ....:              a*x.trace_inner_product(z) )
             sage: actual == expected
             True
-
-        The trace inner product satisfies the compatibility
-        condition in the definition of a Euclidean Jordan algebra::
-
-            sage: set_random_seed()
-            sage: J = random_eja()
-            sage: x = J.random_element()
-            sage: y = J.random_element()
-            sage: z = J.random_element()
+            sage: # jordan axiom
             sage: (x*y).trace_inner_product(z) == y.trace_inner_product(x*z)
             True
 
             sage: (x*y).trace_inner_product(z) == y.trace_inner_product(x*z)
             True
 
@@ -1177,3 +1190,30 @@ class FiniteDimensionalEuclideanJordanAlgebraElement(IndexedFreeModuleElement):
             raise TypeError("'other' must live in the same algebra")
 
         return (self*other).trace()
             raise TypeError("'other' must live in the same algebra")
 
         return (self*other).trace()
+
+
+    def trace_norm(self):
+        """
+        The norm of this element with respect to :meth:`trace_inner_product`.
+
+        SETUP::
+
+            sage: from mjo.eja.eja_algebra import (JordanSpinEJA,
+            ....:                                  RealCartesianProductEJA)
+
+        EXAMPLES::
+
+            sage: J = RealCartesianProductEJA(2)
+            sage: x = sum(J.gens())
+            sage: x.trace_norm()
+            sqrt(2)
+
+        ::
+
+            sage: J = JordanSpinEJA(4)
+            sage: x = sum(J.gens())
+            sage: x.trace_norm()
+            2*sqrt(2)
+
+        """
+        return self.trace_inner_product(self).sqrt()