+ # Using change_ring() on the parent's vector space doesn't work
+ # here because, in a subalgebra, that vector space has a basis
+ # and change_ring() tries to bring the basis along with it. And
+ # that doesn't work unless the new ring is a PID, which it usually
+ # won't be.
+ V = FreeModule(R,n)
+
+ # Now let x = (X1,X2,...,Xn) be the vector whose entries are
+ # indeterminates...
+ x = V(names)
+
+ # And figure out the "left multiplication by x" matrix in
+ # that setting.
+ lmbx_cols = []
+ monomial_matrices = [ self.monomial(i).operator().matrix()
+ for i in range(n) ] # don't recompute these!
+ for k in range(n):
+ ek = self.monomial(k).to_vector()
+ lmbx_cols.append(
+ sum( x[i]*(monomial_matrices[i]*ek)
+ for i in range(n) ) )
+ Lx = matrix.column(R, lmbx_cols)
+
+ # Now we can compute powers of x "symbolically"
+ x_powers = [self.one().to_vector(), x]
+ for d in range(2, r+1):
+ x_powers.append( Lx*(x_powers[-1]) )
+
+ idmat = matrix.identity(R, n)